Changes

To do the HCA we used the AgglomerativeClustering method from the sklearn.cluster library (version 0.20.1) in python 3.7.1, with ward Ward linkage and connectivity set to none. This method is documented here: https://scikit-learn.org/stable/modules/clustering.html. I checked some of the early results against an implementation of Ward's method using the agnes function, available through the cluster package, in R. https://www.rdocumentation.org/packages/cluster/versions/2.1.0/topics/agnes

The data was assembled and processed in a Postgresql (version 10) database using PostGIS (version 2.4). We used World Geodetic System revision 84, known as WGS1984 (see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Geodetic_System), as a coordinate system with an ellipsoidal earth, to calculate distances and areas (see https://postgis.net/docs/manual-2.4/using_postgis_dbmanagement.html). Shapefiles for Census Places were retrieved from the U.S. Census TIGER (Topologically Integrated Geographic Encoding and Referencing) database (see https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/geography.html).