Changes

#list Intro#list US GDP & Growth rate#list Startup World vs Patent World##list In the world of startups accelerators, incubators, VC firms, unicorns, and ecosystems are all recognized terms and types of organizations. Lesser known though in the world of Intellectual Property which has it’s own players like trolls, brokers, aggregators, pools, etc etc#list Patent Application and Renewals##list number of patents granted/applied##list number renenwed##list renewal rates#list Value of a Patent##list Cost of prosecuting a patent application 20,000 to 50,000##list Patent value accounts for ¾ of the sale price of high tech products##list Average value in millions: .5, 1, 1.8, 3.8, 18 per patent##list Extreme skewness##list Mean value 577,000 in griliches, median was 25,000#list Patent Licensing##list University Licensing###list How much universities make###list number of licenses###list number of patents issued##list Corporate Licensing###list How much corporations make#list Patent Brokers##list Biggest Brokers##list Define##list Who they represent, who uses them#list Patent Trolls (NPEs)##list Who are they: buy up patents and exert them in bad faith##list Approximate numbers##list Litigation#list Patent Litigation##list Lawsuits per year##list America Invents Act##list IPR#list USPTO##list Budget##list Funding##list Has to petition to keep revenue, sec 22 of AIA lets these revenues be diverted to a reserve fund for use during Government shutdown##list Time spent on each patent##list Between 1/3 and ½ of litigated patents are found to be invalid##list Funding the USPTO will lead to better patents#list Federal Agencies doing Basic Research##list Budgets##list What they do##list number of Patents#list Who else does Research (corporate & academic