Changes

Research today is dominated by the very largest of firms.[http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED502863.pdf (Berkley)] Corporations with over 10,000 employees still account for more than half the research spending. Those with fewer than 500 employees, a traditional definition of small a business, account for less than one-fifth of the total expenditures. These same patterns hold internationally.[http://iveybusinessjournal.com/publication/rethinking-corporate-research-and-development/]

====Commitment Issues====

Josh Lerner, the Jacob H. Schiff Professor of Investment Banking at Harvard Business School, says companies have been too fickle in their commitment to new innovation initiatives. A historical lack of commitment in the corporate venture domain has made employees less likely to join a corporate venturing group they fund, entrepreneurs reluctant to accept their funds, independent venture funds hesitant to syndicate investments with these groups, and corporate funded start-ups find collaborations harder to arrange. In each case, the very real possibility that the rug will be pulled out from under the corporate venture initiative leads others to be reluctant to work alongside them. [https://hbr.org/product/the-architecture-of-innovation-the-economics-of-cr/an/10796-HBK-ENG Harvard Business Review]