Changes

Specification 1 (results in table 2):

:<math>u_{jt} = d_{t} + \delta_{j} + \sum\limits_{t>=1600} \alpha_{t} \cdot WE_{j} \cdot d_{t} + \sum\limits_{t>=1500} \beta_{t} \cdot PAT_{j} \cdot d_{t}+X_{jt} \cdot \gamma +\epsilon_{jt}</math>

*<math>u_{jt}</math> is urbanization in country j at time t

Specification 2 repeats specification 1 using a more restricted model, as we force differential growth to be related to log of aggregate volume of atlantic trade in time t and country j instead of simply being an Atlantic trader. Results are nearly identical to Specification 1.

====The Role of Initial Institutions====