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→Singh A. and Wong P.K: University patenting activities and their link to the quantity and quality of scientific publications (2009)
=== Singh A. and Wong P.K: University patenting activities and their link to the quantity and quality of scientific publications (2009) ===
[https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/bb3a/df09ca693cdcff6c1f6aaf18113cabec2655.pdf]
==== Findings ====
* patenting by 281 leading world universities has consistently grown faster than general American patenting from 1977 - 2000
* North American university patenting growth has slowed relative to universities outside North America since the mid-1990s
* Between 2003-2005, they found that university patenting output has significant correlation with the both the quality and quantity of scientific publishing in North America
* In European and Australian universities, patenting correlated only with the quantity of scientific publishing, not with the quality
* In universities Europe, Australia, and North America, patenting correlated only with the quality of scientific publishing
** At the institutional level: patents assigned to universities
** At the individual level: patents with university researchers as the inventors
==== Critiques ====
* citations are not really a perfect measure of research quality and citations have little to do with practical useof the study (i.e. how much technological innovation is generated as a result of academic research publications)
==== Other Discoveries ====
* Study by Landry R., Amara N., and Saihi, M. (2006)
* (Owen Smith and Powell 2003) found that "organizations involved in technological commercialization tend to have higher publication rates than those who are not"
* (Lach and Schankerman 2003) found that "licensing revenues at the university level are positively influenced by publication citations per faculty"
