Changes

url = {https://academic.oup.com/icc/article/18/6/1193/795488/Knowledge-creation-entrepreneurship-and-economic}, doi = {10.1093/icc/dtp043}, number = {6}, urldate = {2017-02-23}, journal = {Industrial and Corporate Change}, author = {Carlsson, Bo and Acs, Zoltan J. and Audretsch, David B. and Braunerhjelm, Pontus}, month = dec, year = {2009}, pages = {1193--1229}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/tonimasaleh/Library/Application Support/Zotero/Profiles/ujmvea1t.default/zotero/storage/4R6CR8KM/Carlsson et al. - 2009 - Knowledge creation, entrepreneurship, and economic.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/tonimasaleh/Library/Application Support/Zotero/Profiles/ujmvea1t.default/zotero/storage/SISZH7TN/Carlsson et al. - 2009 - Knowledge creation, entrepreneurship, and economic.html:text/html}}

@incollectionarticle{carree_impact_2010-1wong_entrepreneurship_2005, series title = {International Entrepreneurship, {HandbookInnovation} and {SeriesEconomic} on {EntrepreneurshipGrowth}}, title = : {The {ImpactEvidence} of from {EntrepreneurshipGEM} on {Economicdata} , volume = {Growth}24}, copyright issn = {©2010 Springer Science+Business Media0921-898X, LLC1573-0913}, isbn shorttitle = {978-1-4419-1190-2 978-1-4419-1191-9Entrepreneurship, {Innovation} and {Economic} {Growth}}, url = {httphttps://link.springer.com/chapterarticle/10.1007/978s11187-005-2000-1}, doi = {10.1007/s11187-4419005-11912000-9_201}, abstract = {The present chapter deals with Studies on the consequences impact of entrepreneurship for macrotechnological innovation on growth have been largely mute on the role of␣new firm formation. Using cross-economic sectional data on the 37 countries participating in GEM 2002, this paper uses an augmented Cobb–Douglas production to explore firm formation and technological innovation as separate determinants of growth. It consists One area of interest is the contrast between different types of eight sections: entrepreneurial activities as measured using GEM Total Entrepreneurial Activity (1TEA) Introduction; (2) The influence rates – high growth potential TEA, necessity TEA, opportunity TEA and overall TEA. Of the four types of economic development on entrepreneurship; (3) Types of , only high growth potential entrepreneurship and their relation is found to have a significant impact on economic growth; (4) The effects . This finding is consistent with extant findings in the literature that it is fast growing new firms, not new firms in general, that accounted for most of the choice between entrepreneurship new job creation by small and employment; (5) Entrepreneurship medium enterprises in endogenous growth models; (6) Strands of empirical evidence; (7) The time lag structure; and (8) Conclusionadvanced countries.}, language = {en}, number = {53}, urldate = {2017-02-23}, booktitle journal = {Handbook of {Entrepreneurship} {Research}}, publisher = {Springer New YorkSmall Business Economics}, author = {CarreeWong, Martin A. Poh Kam and Thurik, A. Roy}, editor = {AcsHo, Zoltan J. Yuen Ping and AudretschAutio, David B.Erkko}, year month = {2010}apr, note year = {DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4419-1191-9\_20}, keywords = {Economic Growth, Economic Policy, Entrepreneurship2005}, pages = {557335--594350}, file = {Snapshot:/Users/tonimasaleh/Library/Application Support/Zotero/Profiles/ujmvea1t.default/zotero/storage/MHQV2FE32NDFWSU6/Carree Wong et al. - 2010 2005 - The Impact of Entrepreneurship on , Innovation and Economic Growth.html:text/html}}

@incollection{audretsch_knowledge_2005carree_impact_2010-1, series = {Research on International {TechnologicalHandbook} {InnovationSeries}, on {Management} and {PolicyEntrepreneurship}}, title = {The {Knowledge} {Spillover} {TheoryImpact} of {Entrepreneurship} and on {Economic} {Growth}}, volume copyright = {©2010 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC}, isbn = {978-1-4419-1190-2 978-1-4419-1191-9}, url = {http://wwwlink.emeraldinsightspringer.com/doi/abschapter/10.10161007/S0737978-1-4419-1191-10719_20}, abstract = {The present chapter deals with the consequences of entrepreneurship for macro-economic growth. It consists of eight sections: (1) Introduction; (052)09003-The influence of economic development on entrepreneurship; (3) Types of entrepreneurship and their relation to economic growth; (4) The effects of the choice between entrepreneurship and employment; (5) Entrepreneurship in endogenous growth models; (6) Strands of empirical evidence; (7) The time lag structure; and (8) Conclusion.}, language = {en}, number = {95}, urldate = {2017-02-2423}, booktitle = {The {Emergence} Handbook of {EntrepreneurialEntrepreneurship} {EconomicsResearch}}, publisher = {Emerald Group Publishing LimitedSpringer New York}, author = {Carree, Martin A. and Thurik, A. Roy}, editor = {Acs, Zoltan J. and Audretsch, David B.}, month = jan, year = {20052010}, note = {DOI: 10.10161007/S0737978-1071(05)090031-7DOI: 10.1016/S07374419-1071(05)090031191-79\_20}, keywords = {Economic Growth, Economic Policy, Entrepreneurship}, pages = {37557--54594}, file = {Snapshot:/Users/tonimasaleh/Library/Application Support/Zotero/Profiles/ujmvea1t.default/zotero/storage/VKFHNSNMMHQV2FE3/Audretsch Carree et al. - 2005 2010 - The Knowledge Spillover Theory Impact of Entrepreneurshipon Economic Growth.html:text/html}}

@article{stel_effect_2005wennekers_relationship_2010, title = {The {EffectRelationship} of between {EntrepreneurialEntrepreneurship} and {Economic} {Development}: {ActivityIs} on {NationalIt} {EconomicU} -{GrowthShaped}?}, volume = {246}, issn = {09211551-898X3114, 15731551-09133122}, shorttitle = {The {Relationship} between {Entrepreneurship} and {Economic} {Development}}, url = {httpshttp://linkwww.springernowpublishers.com/article/10.1007Details/s11187-005-1996ENT-6023}, doi = {10.10071561/s11187-005-1996-60300000023}, abstract = {Entrepreneurial activity is generally assumed to be an important aspect of the organization of industries most conducive to innovative activity The Relationship between Entrepreneurship and unrestrained competition. This paper investigates whether total entrepreneurial activity (TEA) influences GDP growth for a sample of 36 countries. We test whether this influence depends on the level of economic development measured as GDP per capita. Adjustment is made for a range of alternative explanations for achieving economic growth by incorporating the Growth Competitiveness Index (GCI). We find that entrepreneurial activity by nascent entrepreneurs and owner/managers of young businesses affects economic growth, but that this effect depends upon the level of per capita income. This suggests that entrepreneurship plays a different role in countries in different stages of economic development.Economic Development: Is It U-Shaped?}, language = {enEnglish}, number = {3}, urldate = {2017-02-24}, journal = {Small Business EconomicsFoundations and Trends® in Entrepreneurship}, author = {Wennekers, Sander and Stel, André van and Carree, Martin and Thurik, Roy}, month = aprjul, year = {20052010}, pages = {311167--321237}, file = {Full Text PDF:/Users/tonimasaleh/Library/Application Support/Zotero/Profiles/ujmvea1t.default/zotero/storage/WF65SNQE/Wennekers et al. - 2010 - The Relationship between Entrepreneurship and Econ.pdf:application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/tonimasaleh/Library/Application Support/Zotero/Profiles/ujmvea1t.default/zotero/storage/FT24NI8QBKKD9QHN/Stel Wennekers et al. - 2005 2010 - The Effect of Entrepreneurial Activity on NationalRelationship between Entrepreneurship and Econ.html:text/html}}

@articleincollection{audretsch_entrepreneurship_2007audretsch_knowledge_2005, title series = {Entrepreneurship capital Research on {Technological} {Innovation}, {Management} and economic growth{Policy}}, volume title = {23The {Knowledge} {Spillover} {Theory} of {Entrepreneurship} and {Economic} {Growth}}, issn volume = {0266-903X9}, url = {httpshttp://academicwww.oupemeraldinsight.com/oxrepdoi/article-abstractabs/23/110.1016/63/510594/EntrepreneurshipS0737-capital1071(05)09003-and-economic-growth}, doi = {10.1093/oxrep/grm0017}, number = {19}, urldate = {2017-02-24}, journal booktitle = {Oxford Review The {Emergence} of Economic Policy{Entrepreneurial} {Economics}}, publisher = {Emerald Group Publishing Limited}, author = {Audretsch, David B.}, month = marjan, year = {20072005}, note = {DOI: 10.1016/S0737-1071(05)09003-7 DOI: 10.1016/S0737-1071(05)09003-7}, pages = {6337--7854}, file = {Snapshot:/Users/tonimasaleh/Library/Application Support/Zotero/Profiles/ujmvea1t.default/zotero/storage/7MHRJA7DVKFHNSNM/Audretsch - 2007 2005 - The Knowledge Spillover Theory of Entrepreneurship capital and economic growth.html:text/html}}

@bookarticle{hart_emergence_2003-1leff_entrepreneurship_1979, title = {The Entrepreneurship and {EmergenceEconomic} of {EntrepreneurshipDevelopment} : {PolicyThe}: {GovernanceProblem}, {StartRevisited}-{Ups}, and {Growth} in the {U}. volume = {S}. {Knowledge} {Economy}17}, isbn issn = {9780022-1-139-44078-30515}, shorttitle = {The Entrepreneurship and {EmergenceEconomic} of {Entrepreneurship} {PolicyDevelopment}}, abstract url = {This volume seeks to catalyze the emergence of a novel field of policy studieshttp: entrepreneurship policy//www. Practical experience and academic research both point to the central role of entrepreneurs in the process of economic growth and to the importance of public policy in creating the conditions under which entrepreneurial companies can flourishjstor. The contributorsorg/stable/2723640}, who hail from the disciplines of economics, geography, history, law, management, and political science, seek to crystallize key findings and to stimulate debate about future opportunities for policy-makers and researchers in this area. The chapters include surveys of the economic, social, and cultural contexts for US entrepreneurship policy; assessments of regional efforts to link knowledge producers to new enterprises; explorations of policies that aim to foster entrepreneurship in under-represented communities; detailed analyses of three key industries (biotechnology, e-commerce, and telecommunications); and considerations of challenges in policy implementation. number = {1}, language urldate = {en2017-02-24}, publisher journal = {Cambridge University PressJournal of Economic Literature}, author = {HartLeff, David MNathaniel H.}, month = oct, year = {20031979}, note pages = {Google46-Books-ID: 2fo6eEp42J4C}, keywords = {Business \& Economics / Economics / General, Business \& Economics / General, Business \& Economics / Industrial Management, Political Science / General, Political Science / Public Policy / Economic Policy, Social Science / Sociology / General}64}

@article{freeman_continental_2002stel_effect_2005, series title = {Innovation The {Effect} of {Entrepreneurial} {Activity} on {SystemsNational}{Economic}, title = {Continental, national and sub-national innovation systems—complementarity and economic growthGrowth}}, volume = {3124}, issn = {00480921-898X, 1573-73330913}, url = {httphttps://wwwlink.sciencedirectspringer.com/science/article/pii10.1007/S0048733301001366s11187-005-1996-6}, doi = {10.10161007/S0048s11187-7333(01)00136005-1996-6}, abstract = {The purpose of this paper Entrepreneurial activity is generally assumed to discuss be an important aspect of the relevance organization of innovation systems industries most conducive to economic growth rates over the last two centuriesinnovative activity and unrestrained competition. The focus is on complementarity This paper investigates whether total entrepreneurial activity (or lack of itTEA) between sub-systems influences GDP growth for a sample of society and 36 countries. We test whether this influence depends on models the level of active learning in catching up economieseconomic development measured as GDP per capita. The paper discusses variations in rates Adjustment is made for a range of alternative explanations for achieving economic growth by incorporating the Growth Competitiveness Index (GCI). We find that entrepreneurial activity by nascent entrepreneurs and owner/managers of young businesses affects economic regions and growth, but that this effect depends upon the extent to which variations may be attributed to “innovation systems”level of per capita income. The analysis is applied to Britain This suggests that entrepreneurship plays a different role in the 18th century, the United States countries in the second half different stages of the 19th century and the innovation systems of catching up countries in the 20th centuryeconomic development.}, language = {en}, number = {23}, urldate = {2017-02-2724}, journal = {Research PolicySmall Business Economics}, author = {FreemanStel, André van and Carree, Martin and Thurik, ChrisRoy}, month = febapr, year = {20022005}, keywords = {Economic growth, Economic history, Innovation system, Institutional change}, pages = {191311--211321}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDFSnapshot:/Users/tonimasaleh/Library/Application Support/Zotero/Profiles/ujmvea1t.default/zotero/storage/KXFNJ3PUFT24NI8Q/Freeman - 2002 - Continental, national and sub-national innovation .pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/tonimasaleh/Library/Application Support/Zotero/Profiles/ujmvea1tStel et al.default/zotero/storage/7M7E3EH3/Freeman - 2002 2005 - Continental, national and sub-national innovation The Effect of Entrepreneurial Activity on National.html:text/html}}

@article{samila_venture_2010galindo_innovation_2013, title = {Venture {Capital}, {Entrepreneurship}Innovation, entrepreneurship and {Economic} {Growth}economic growth}, volume = {9351}, issn = {00340025-65351747}, url = {http://dxwww.emeraldinsight.com/doi.org/abs/10.11621108/REST_a_0006600251741311309625}, doi = {10.11621108/REST_a_0006600251741311309625}, abstract = {Using a panel of U.S. metropolitan areas, we find that increases in the supply of venture capital positively affect firm starts, employment, and aggregate income. Our results remain robust to a variety of specifications, including ones that address endogeneity. The estimated magnitudes imply that venture capital stimulates the creation of more firms than it funds, which appears consistent with two mechanisms: First, would-be entrepreneurs anticipating financing needs more likely start firms when the supply of capital expands. Second, funded companies may transfer know-how to their employees, thereby enabling spin-offs, and may encourage others to become entrepreneurs through demonstration effects.}, number = {13}, urldate = {2017-02-2324}, journal = {Review of Economics and StatisticsManagement Decision}, author = {SamilaGalindo, Sampsa Miguel‐Ángel and SorensonMéndez‐Picazo, OlavMaría‐Teresa}, month = julmar, year = {20102013}, pages = {338501--349}, file = {Review of Economics and Statistics Full Text PDF:/Users/tonimasaleh/Library/Application Support/Zotero/Profiles/ujmvea1t.default/zotero/storage/SQUNPGVA/Samila and Sorenson - 2010 - Venture Capital, Entrepreneurship, and Economic Gr.pdf:application/pdf;Review of Economics and Statistics Snapshot:/Users/tonimasaleh/Library/Application Support/Zotero/Profiles/ujmvea1t.default/zotero/storage/MC8SR7FG/Samila and Sorenson - 2010 - Venture Capital, Entrepreneurship, and Economic Gr.html:text/html}514}

@article{salgado-banda_entrepreneurship_2007audretsch_entrepreneurship_2007, title = {Entrepreneurship capital and economic growth: an empirical analysis}, volume = {1223}, issn = {10840266-9467}, shorttitle = {Entrepreneurship and economic growth903X}, url = {httphttps://wwwacademic.worldscientificoup.com/doioxrep/article-abstract/23/1/abs63/10.1142510594/S1084946707000538Entrepreneurship-capital-and-economic-growth}, doi = {10.11421093/oxrep/S1084946707000538}, abstract = {This study examines the impact of entrepreneurship on economic growth by using a new variable based on patent data to proxy for productive entrepreneurship. Data on self-employment is used as an alternative proxy. The study considers 22 OECD countries and finds a positive relationship between the proposed measure of productive entrepreneurship — degree of innovativeness of different nations — and economic growth, while the alternative measure, based on self-employment, appears to be negatively correlated with economic growth. A battery of econometric specifications and techniques backs the findings.grm001}, number = {011}, urldate = {2017-02-24}, journal = {Journal Oxford Review of Developmental EntrepreneurshipEconomic Policy}, author = {Salgado-BandaAudretsch, HéctorDavid B.}, month = mar, year = {2007}, pages = {363--2978}, file = {Snapshot:/Users/tonimasaleh/Library/Application Support/Zotero/Profiles/ujmvea1t.default/zotero/storage/ZGS7GAFF7MHRJA7D/Salgado-Banda Audretsch - 2007 - Entrepreneurship capital and economic growth an empirical.html:text/html}}

@bookmisc{brown_innovation_2004-1cameron_innovation_1996, title type = {Innovation, {Entrepreneurship} and {Culture}: {The} {Interaction} {Between} {Technology}, {Progress} and {Economic} {Growth}Monograph}, isbn title = {978-1-84542-055-0Innovation and economic growth}, shorttitle url = {Innovation, {Entrepreneurship} and {Culture}http://cep.lse.ac.uk}, abstract = {The purpose This paper surveys the empirical evidence on the link between innovation and economic growth. It considers a number of this book is to examine the nature different measures of organizational innovation , such as R\&D spending, patenting, and change by looking at innovation counts, as well as the complex interplay pervasive effect of technological spillovers between entrepreneurshipfirms, industries, and countries. There are three main conclusions. The first is that innovation makes a significant contribution to growth. The second is there are significant spillovers between countries, firms and cultureindustries, and to a lesser extent from government-funded research. Third, that these spillovers tend to be localized, wit foreign economies gaining significantly less from domestic innovation than other domestic firms. This suggests that although technological ''catch-up'' may act to equalize productivity across countries, the process is likely to be slow and uncertain, and require substantial domestic innovation effort.}, language = {en}, publisher urldate = {Edward Elgar Publishing2017-02-24}, author = {BrownCameron, Terrence E. and Ulijn, J. MG.}, month = janfeb, year = {20041996}, note file = {GoogleFull Text PDF:/Users/tonimasaleh/Library/Application Support/Zotero/Profiles/ujmvea1t.default/zotero/storage/ZDX7XF2X/Cameron -Books1996 -IDInnovation and economic growth.pdf: nLvjQkBajocC}, keywords = {Business \& Economics application/pdf;Snapshot:/Users/tonimasaleh/Library/Application Support/Zotero/Profiles/ujmvea1t.default/zotero/storage/ Development GMK4JNQK/ Economic Development, Business \& Economics Cameron - 1996 - Innovation and economic growth.html:text/ General}html}

@book{feldman_economics_2012hart_emergence_2003-1, title = {The {EconomicsEmergence} of {ScienceEntrepreneurship} and {TechnologyPolicy}: {AnGovernance} , {OverviewStart} of -{InitiativesUps} to , and {FosterGrowth} in the {InnovationU}, .{EntrepreneurshipS}, and . {EconomicKnowledge} {GrowthEconomy}}, isbn = {978-1-4615139-098144078-3}, shorttitle = {The {EconomicsEmergence} of {ScienceEntrepreneurship} and {TechnologyPolicy}}, abstract = {Science and technology have long been regarded as important determinants This volume seeks to catalyze the emergence of economic growth. Edwin Mansfield (1971, pp. 1- 2), a pioneer in the economics novel field of technological change, notedpolicy studies: Technological change is an important, if not entrepreneurship policy. Practical experience and academic research both point to the most important, factor responsible for economic growth . . . without question, [it] is one central role of entrepreneurs in the most important determinants process of economic growth and to the shape and evolution importance of public policy in creating the American economyconditions under which entrepreneurial companies can flourish. Science and technology are even more important in the "new economyThe contributors," with its greater emphasis on who hail from the role disciplines of intellectual property economics, geography, history, law, management, and knowledge transfer. Thereforepolitical science, it is unfortunate that most individuals rarely have the opportunity seek to explore the economic implications of science crystallize key findings and technology. As a result, the antecedents to stimulate debate about future opportunities for policy-makers and consequences of technological change are poorly understood by many researchers in the general publicthis area. This lack The chapters include surveys of understanding is reflected in a recent survey conducted by the National Science Board (2000)economic, summarized in Science \& Engineering Indicators. ' As shown in Table 1. 1social, the findings and cultural contexts for US entrepreneurship policy; assessments of regional efforts to link knowledge producers to new enterprises; explorations of the survey indicated policies that many Americans, despite a high level aim to foster entrepreneurship in under-represented communities; detailed analyses of interests in such mattersthree key industries (biotechnology, are not as welle-informed about technological issues as they are about other policy issues. As shown in the tablecommerce, individuals self assess, based on a scale from 1 to 100, their interest and telecommunications); and considerations of challenges in science and technology policy issues as being relatively high, yet they self assess their knowledge or informedness about these issues relatively lowerimplementation.}, language = {en}, publisher = {Springer Science \& Business MediaCambridge University Press}, author = {FeldmanHart, David M. P. and Link, Albert N. and Siegel, Donald}, month = decoct, year = {20122003}, note = {Google-Books-ID: wca9BwAAQBAJ2fo6eEp42J4C}, keywords = {Business \& Economics / Development / Economic Development, Business \& Economics / General, Business \& Economics / Management ScienceGeneral, Business \& Economics / Production \& Operations Industrial Management, Business \& Economics Political Science / Research \& DevelopmentGeneral, Political Science / Public Policy / Economic Policy}, Social Science / Sociology / General}

@book{brown_innovation_2004, title = {Innovation, {Entrepreneurship} and {Culture}: {The} {Interaction} {Between} {Technology}, {Progress} and {Economic} {Growth}}, isbn = {978-1-84542-055-0}, shorttitle = {Innovation, {Entrepreneurship} and {Culture}}, abstract = {The purpose of this book is to examine the nature of organizational innovation and change by looking at the complex interplay between entrepreneurship, innovation and culture.}, language = {en}, publisher = {Edward Elgar Publishing}, author = {Brown, Terrence E. and Ulijn, J. M.}, month = jan, year = {2004}, note = {Google-Books-ID: nLvjQkBajocC}, keywords = {Business \& Economics / Development / Economic Development, Business \& Economics / General}   @article{freeman_continental_2002, series = {Innovation {Systems}}, title = {Continental, national and sub-national innovation systems—complementarity and economic growth}, volume = {31}, issn = {0048-7333}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048733301001366}, doi = {10.1016/S0048-7333(01)00136-6}, abstract = {The purpose of this paper is to discuss the relevance of innovation systems to economic growth rates over the last two centuries. The focus is on complementarity (or lack of it) between sub-systems of society and on models of active learning in catching up economies. The paper discusses variations in rates of growth of economic regions and the extent to which variations may be attributed to “innovation systems”. The analysis is applied to Britain in the 18th century, the United States in the second half of the 19th century and the innovation systems of catching up countries in the 20th century.}, number = {2}, urldate = {2017-02-27}, journal = {Research Policy}, author = {Freeman, Chris}, month = feb, year = {2002}, keywords = {Economic growth, Economic history, Innovation system, Institutional change}, pages = {191--211}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/tonimasaleh/Library/Application Support/Zotero/Profiles/ujmvea1t.default/zotero/storage/KXFNJ3PU/Freeman - 2002 - Continental, national and sub-national innovation .pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/tonimasaleh/Library/Application Support/Zotero/Profiles/ujmvea1t.default/zotero/storage/7M7E3EH3/Freeman - 2002 - Continental, national and sub-national innovation .html:text/html}   @article{chrisman_faculty_1995, title = {Faculty entrepreneurship and economic development: {The} case of the {University} of {Calgary}}, volume = {10}, issn = {0883-9026}, shorttitle = {Faculty entrepreneurship and economic development}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/088390269500015Z}, doi = {10.1016/0883-9026(95)00015-Z}, abstract = {The common perception of universities as merely institutions of higher learning is giving way to one where universities are viewed as engines of economic growth and development. This study documents the entrepreneurial activities of the faculty of the University of Calgary, as well as the impact the University has had and the impact its recent budgetary problems might have on such activities. Results indicate that nearly 100 new ventures with at least one full-time employee were started by faculty or were started as a consequence of significant faculty inputs. These ventures, in turn, have generated at least 723 new jobs in Alberta. Furthermore, our projections suggest that faculty entrepreneurs will create approximately 14 ventures per year in the near future. Implications for the role universities and governments should play to encourage faculty entrepreneurship are discussed.}, number = {4}, urldate = {2017-02-24}, journal = {Journal of Business Venturing}, author = {Chrisman, James J. and Hynes, Timothy and Fraser, Shelby}, month = jul, year = {1995}, pages = {267--281}, file = {ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/tonimasaleh/Library/Application Support/Zotero/Profiles/ujmvea1t.default/zotero/storage/8GNRIU7Q/Chrisman et al. - 1995 - Faculty entrepreneurship and economic development.html:text/html}   @article{samila_venture_2010, title = {Venture {Capital}, {Entrepreneurship}, and {Economic} {Growth}}, volume = {93}, issn = {0034-6535}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/REST_a_00066}, doi = {10.1162/REST_a_00066}, abstract = {Using a panel of U.S. metropolitan areas, we find that increases in the supply of venture capital positively affect firm starts, employment, and aggregate income. Our results remain robust to a variety of specifications, including ones that address endogeneity. The estimated magnitudes imply that venture capital stimulates the creation of more firms than it funds, which appears consistent with two mechanisms: First, would-be entrepreneurs anticipating financing needs more likely start firms when the supply of capital expands. Second, funded companies may transfer know-how to their employees, thereby enabling spin-offs, and may encourage others to become entrepreneurs through demonstration effects.}, number = {1}, urldate = {2017-02-23}, journal = {Review of Economics and Statistics}, author = {Samila, Sampsa and Sorenson, Olav}, month = jul, year = {2010}, pages = {338--349}, file = {Review of Economics and Statistics Full Text PDF:/Users/tonimasaleh/Library/Application Support/Zotero/Profiles/ujmvea1t.default/zotero/storage/SQUNPGVA/Samila and Sorenson - 2010 - Venture Capital, Entrepreneurship, and Economic Gr.pdf:application/pdf;Review of Economics and Statistics Snapshot:/Users/tonimasaleh/Library/Application Support/Zotero/Profiles/ujmvea1t.default/zotero/storage/MC8SR7FG/Samila and Sorenson - 2010 - Venture Capital, Entrepreneurship, and Economic Gr.html:text/html}   @article{audretsch_resolving_2008, series = {Special {Section} {Knowledge} {Dynamics} out of {Balance}: {Knowledge} {Biased}, {Skewed} and {Unmatched}}, title = {Resolving the knowledge paradox: {Knowledge}-spillover entrepreneurship and economic growth}, volume = {37}, issn = {0048-7333}, shorttitle = {Resolving the knowledge paradox}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048733308001881}, doi = {10.1016/j.respol.2008.08.008}, abstract = {The knowledge paradox suggests that high levels of investment in new knowledge do not necessarily and automatically generate the anticipated levels of competitiveness of growth. In particular, knowledge investments do not automatically translate into balanced growth and competitiveness. The purpose of this paper is to explain why knowledge investments are inherently unbalanced, so that the competitiveness and growth ensuing from knowledge are not equally spread across individuals, firms, and spatial units of observation, such as regions and countries. Based on a data set linking entrepreneurial activity to growth within the context of German regions, this paper shows that entrepreneurship serves a conduit of knowledge spillovers.}, number = {10}, urldate = {2017-02-23}, journal = {Research Policy}, author = {Audretsch, David B. and Keilbach, Max}, month = dec, year = {2008}, keywords = {Entrepreneurship, Growth, Innovation, Knowledge}, pages = {1697--1705}, file = {ScienceDirect Full Text PDF:/Users/tonimasaleh/Library/Application Support/Zotero/Profiles/ujmvea1t.default/zotero/storage/TADZBQ3M/Audretsch and Keilbach - 2008 - Resolving the knowledge paradox Knowledge-spillov.pdf:application/pdf;ScienceDirect Snapshot:/Users/tonimasaleh/Library/Application Support/Zotero/Profiles/ujmvea1t.default/zotero/storage/9ZDNQCVF/Audretsch and Keilbach - 2008 - Resolving the knowledge paradox Knowledge-spillov.html:text/html}   @article{salgado-banda_entrepreneurship_2007, title = {Entrepreneurship and economic growth: an empirical analysis}, volume = {12}, issn = {1084-9467}, shorttitle = {Entrepreneurship and economic growth}, url = {http://www.worldscientific.com/doi/abs/10.1142/S1084946707000538}, doi = {10.1142/S1084946707000538}, abstract = {This study examines the impact of entrepreneurship on economic growth by using a new variable based on patent data to proxy for productive entrepreneurship. Data on self-employment is used as an alternative proxy. The study considers 22 OECD countries and finds a positive relationship between the proposed measure of productive entrepreneurship — degree of innovativeness of different nations — and economic growth, while the alternative measure, based on self-employment, appears to be negatively correlated with economic growth. A battery of econometric specifications and techniques backs the findings.}, number = {01}, urldate = {2017-02-24}, journal = {Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship}, author = {Salgado-Banda, Héctor}, month = mar, year = {2007}, pages = {3--29}, file = {Snapshot:/Users/tonimasaleh/Library/Application Support/Zotero/Profiles/ujmvea1t.default/zotero/storage/ZGS7GAFF/Salgado-Banda - 2007 - Entrepreneurship and economic growth an empirical.html:text/html}   @article{acs_entrepreneurship_2007, title = {Entrepreneurship, {Economic} {Growth} and {Public} {Policy}}, volume = {28}, issn = {0921-898X, 1573-0913}, url = {https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11187-006-9012-3}, doi = {10.1007/s11187-006-9012-3}, abstract = {This paper is an introduction to the second Global Entrepreneurship Research Conference. The conference focused on developing a better understanding of the relationships among entrepreneurship, economic growth and public policy, and variations according to the stage of economic development. The papers in this special issue conduct analysis with GEM micro-and-macro data, and offer several important policy recommendations. First, middle-income countries should focus on increasing human capital, upgrading technology availability and promoting enterprise development. It is important to start enterprise development policies early because the main drivers are perceptual variables that are difficult to change in the short run. Second, for developed economies, reducing entry regulations, in most cases, will not result in more high-potential startups. Both labor market reform and deregulation of financial markets may be needed to support growth of high-performance ventures.}, language = {en}, number = {2-3}, urldate = {2017-02-23}, journal = {Small Business Economics}, author = {Acs, Zoltan J. and Szerb, Laszlo}, month = mar, year = {2007}, pages = {109--122}, file = {Snapshot:/Users/tonimasaleh/Library/Application Support/Zotero/Profiles/ujmvea1t.default/zotero/storage/ZZK72585/Acs and Szerb - 2007 - Entrepreneurship, Economic Growth and Public Polic.html:text/html}   @book{brown_innovation_2004-1, title = {Innovation, {Entrepreneurship} and {Culture}: {The} {Interaction} {Between} {Technology}, {Progress} and {Economic} {Growth}}, isbn = {978-1-84542-055-0}, shorttitle = {Innovation, {Entrepreneurship} and {Culture}}, abstract = {The purpose of this book is to examine the nature of organizational innovation and change by looking at the complex interplay between entrepreneurship, innovation and culture.}, language = {en}, publisher = {Edward Elgar Publishing}, author = {Brown, Terrence E. and Ulijn, J. M.}, month = jan, year = {2004}, note = {Google-Books-ID: nLvjQkBajocC}, keywords = {Business \& Economics / Development / Economic Development, Business \& Economics / General}   @techreport{georgiou_entrepreneurship_2009, address = {Rochester, NY}, type = {{SSRN} {Scholarly} {Paper}}, title = {Entrepreneurship {Causes} {Economic} {Growth}: {An} {Empirical} {Analysis} for {Western} {European} {Countries} and the {United} {States} 1990-2004}, shorttitle = {Entrepreneurship {Causes} {Economic} {Growth}}, url = {https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=1478903}, abstract = {In this paper a distinction will be made between manager and owner and it will be attempted to estimate numerically the country’s total economy’s entrepreneuri}, number = {ID 1478903}, urldate = {2017-02-24}, institution = {Social Science Research Network}, author = {Georgiou, Miltiades N.}, month = sep, year = {2009}, keywords = {corporate governance, economic growth, entrepreneurship}, file = {Snapshot:/Users/tonimasaleh/Library/Application Support/Zotero/Profiles/ujmvea1t.default/zotero/storage/NKT9D7FX/Georgiou - 2009 - Entrepreneurship Causes Economic Growth An Empiri.html:text/html}   @book{feldman_economics_2012, title = {The {Economics} of {Science} and {Technology}: {An} {Overview} of {Initiatives} to {Foster} {Innovation}, {Entrepreneurship}, and {Economic} {Growth}}, isbn = {978-1-4615-0981-3}, shorttitle = {The {Economics} of {Science} and {Technology}}, abstract = {Science and technology have long been regarded as important determinants of economic growth. Edwin Mansfield (1971, pp. 1- 2), a pioneer in the economics of technological change, noted: Technological change is an important, if not the most important, factor responsible for economic growth . . . without question, [it] is one of the most important determinants of the shape and evolution of the American economy. Science and technology are even more important in the "new economy," with its greater emphasis on the role of intellectual property and knowledge transfer. Therefore, it is unfortunate that most individuals rarely have the opportunity to explore the economic implications of science and technology. As a result, the antecedents and consequences of technological change are poorly understood by many in the general public. This lack of understanding is reflected in a recent survey conducted by the National Science Board (2000), summarized in Science \& Engineering Indicators. ' As shown in Table 1. 1, the findings of the survey indicated that many Americans, despite a high level of interests in such matters, are not as well-informed about technological issues as they are about other policy issues. As shown in the table, individuals self assess, based on a scale from 1 to 100, their interest in science and technology policy issues as being relatively high, yet they self assess their knowledge or informedness about these issues relatively lower.}, language = {en}, publisher = {Springer Science \& Business Media}, author = {Feldman, M. P. and Link, Albert N. and Siegel, Donald}, month = dec, year = {2012}, note = {Google-Books-ID: wca9BwAAQBAJ}, keywords = {Business \& Economics / Development / Economic Development, Business \& Economics / General, Business \& Economics / Management Science, Business \& Economics / Production \& Operations Management, Business \& Economics / Research \& Development, Political Science / Public Policy / Economic Policy}   @incollection{audretsch_knowledge_2005-1, series = {Research on {Technological} {Innovation}, {Management} and {Policy}}, title = {The {Knowledge} {Spillover} {Theory} of {Entrepreneurship} and {Economic} {Growth}}, volume = {9}, url = {http://www.emeraldinsight.com/doi/abs/10.1016/S0737-1071(05)09003-7}, number = {9}, urldate = {2017-02-24}, booktitle = {The {Emergence} of {Entrepreneurial} {Economics}}, publisher = {Emerald Group Publishing Limited}, author = {Audretsch, David B.}, month = jan, year = {2005}, note = {DOI: 10.1016/S0737-1071(05)09003-7 DOI: 10.1016/S0737-1071(05)09003-7}, pages = {37--54}, file = {Snapshot:/Users/tonimasaleh/Library/Application Support/Zotero/Profiles/ujmvea1t.default/zotero/storage/8XPFGHW6/Audretsch - 2005 - The Knowledge Spillover Theory of Entrepreneurship.html:text/html}   @book{stel_empirical_2006, title = {Empirical {Analysis} of {Entrepreneurship} and {Economic} {Growth}}, isbn = {978-0-387-29419-3}, abstract = {The importance of entrepreneurship for achieving economic growth in contemporary economies is widely recognized, both by policy makers and economists. It is deeply embedded in the current European policy approach that the creativity and independence of entrepreneurs contribute to higher levels of economic activity. Indeed, according to the European Commission (2003, p. 9), "The challenge for the European Union is to identify the key factors for building a climate in which entrepreneurial initiative and business activities can thrive. Policy measures should seek to boost the Union's levels of entrepreneurship, adopting the most appropriate approach for producing more entrepreneurs and for getting more firms to grow. " Audretsch (2003, p. 5) states that "Entrepreneurship has become the engine of economic and social development throughout the world. " The relation between entrepreneurship and economic growth is embedded in several strands of the economic literature. A first strand of literature involves the general understanding of the role of entrepreneurship in the modern economy. Seminal contributions were made by Schumpeter (1934), Knight (1921) and Kirzner (1973). These economists stress different aspects of the role of the entrepreneur. While Schumpeter stresses the innovating aspect, Knight stresses the risk assuming aspect. Kirzner, finally, stresses the role of the entrepreneur in leading markets to equilibrium. Acs (1992) discusses the contribution of small firms in modern economies.}, language = {en}, publisher = {Springer Science \& Business Media}, author = {Stel, André van}, month = jun, year = {2006}, note = {Google-Books-ID: VUOHlzSuqk0C}, keywords = {Business \& Economics / Development / Economic Development, Business \& Economics / Economics / General, Business \& Economics / Entrepreneurship, Business \& Economics / General}   @article{hayter_harnessing_2013, title = {Harnessing {University} {Entrepreneurship} for {Economic} {Growth}: {Factors} of {Success} {Among} {University} {Spin}-offs}, volume = {27}, issn = {0891-2424}, shorttitle = {Harnessing {University} {Entrepreneurship} for {Economic} {Growth}}, url = {http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0891242412471845}, doi = {10.1177/0891242412471845}, abstract = {University spin-offs are an important vehicle for knowledge dissemination and have the potential to generate jobs and economic growth. Despite their importance, little research exists on spin-off performance or impact, especially from the perspective of academic entrepreneurs. Using logit regression, this article makes a scholarly contribution by testing the relationship between spin-off success—defined here as technology commercialization—and multiple factors derived from the extant literature. Several significant variables are found to enable commercialization success within the sample, including venture capital, multiple and external licenses, outside management, joint ventures with other companies, previous faculty consulting experience, and—surprisingly—a negative relationship to post-spin-off services provided by universities. The results have important implications for public policy and management, supporting an overall “open innovation” approach to spin-off success.}, language = {en}, number = {1}, urldate = {2017-02-24}, journal = {Economic Development Quarterly}, author = {Hayter, Christopher S.}, month = feb, year = {2013}, pages = {18--28}