PostGIS Installation
PostGIS is a spatial database extender for PostgreSQL object-relational database. It adds support for geographic objects allowing location queries to be run in SQL.
Installation Commands
Going off of http://trac.osgeo.org/postgis/wiki/UsersWikiPostGIS23UbuntuPGSQL96Apt
$ lsb_release --codename Codename: trusty $ sudo sh -c 'echo "deb http://apt.postgresql.org/pub/repos/apt trusty-pgdg main" >> /etc/apt/sources.list' $ wget --quiet -O - http://apt.postgresql.org/pub/repos/apt/ACCC4CF8.asc | sudo apt-key add - $ sudo apt-get update $ psql -V psql (PostgreSQL) 9.5.4 $ sudo apt install postgresql-9.5-postgis-2.3 $ sudo apt-get install --no-install-recommends postgis
Note the last line. Without the --no-install-recommends line postgres assumes you're using the default configuration (in this case, postgis for postgresql 9.6). Since we're using a different flavor of postgis, we do not want this.
The postgis apt package is not the extension to postgres. It is a collection of command line utilities for importing and exporting data to a postgis db.
Creating a Postgis DB
Initial Setup
$ createdb --username researcher tigertest $ psql --username researcher --dbname tigertest > create extension postgis; > select postgis_full_version(); -- sanity test and make sure installed and enabled > \q
Bulk Download TIGER Shapefiles
For example, say we want all of the state-level place data. The first step is to find a programmatic URL that we can use. You can inspect the HTML on the HTML interface to place data to get the correct mapping of states/territories to two digit integer. Note that they are not necessarily sequential and there is not strictly fifty.
$ for i in $(seq -f "%02g" 1 80); do
wget "https://www2.census.gov/geo/tiger/TIGER2016/PLACE/tl_2016_${i}_place.zip";
sleep 3 # not necessary but a good guy scraper move
done;
$ for f in *.zip; do unzip "$f"; done
$ for f in *.shp; do shp2pgsql -I "$f" | psql -U researcher -d tigertest; done
$ psql --username researcher --dbname tigertest
> select count(*) from tl_2016_01_place; -- 585
Also say we want to separate New York City, New York into a more granular by-borough set of polygons. Using City University of New York data, we will import this shapefile.
$ curl --insecure https://archive.nyu.edu/retrieve/74704/nyu_2451_34505.zip > /tmp/boroughs.zip $ cd /tmp $ unzip boroughs.zip $ shp2pgsql -I nyu_2451_34505/nyu_2451_34505.shp | psql -U researcher -d tigertest $ psql --username researcher --dbname tigertest > select count(*) from nyu_2451_34505; > \q
To get into tigertest database
ssh researcher@128.42.44.181 cd /bulk psql tigertest
Translating Table names to corresponding States
See: https://www.census.gov/geo/reference/ansi_statetables.html (note that the numbers are FIPS state numeric codes)
| Table Name | Corresponding State |
|---|---|
| tl_2016_01_place | Alabama |
| tl_2016_02_place | Alaska |
| tl_2016_03_place | |
| tl_2016_04_place | Arizona |
| tl_2016_05_place | Arkansas |
| tl_2016_06_place | California |
| tl_2016_07_place | |
| tl_2016_08_place | Colorado |
| tl_2016_09_place | Missouri |
| tl_2016_10_place | Delaware |
| tl_2016_11_place | District of Columbia |
| tl_2016_12_place | Florida |
| tl_2016_13_place | Georgia |
| tl_2016_14_place | |
| tl_2016_15_place | Hawaii |
| tl_2016_16_place | Idaho |
| tl_2016_17_place | Illinois |
| tl_2016_18_place | Indiana |
| tl_2016_19_place | Iowa |
| tl_2016_20_place | Kansas |
| tl_2016_21_place | Kentucky |
| tl_2016_22_place | Louisiana |
| tl_2016_23_place | Maine |
| tl_2016_24_place | Maryland |
| tl_2016_25_place | Massachusetts |
| tl_2016_26_place | Michigan |
| tl_2016_27_place | Minnesota |
| tl_2016_28_place | Mississippi |
| tl_2016_29_place | Missouri |
| tl_2016_30_place | Motana |
| tl_2016_31_place | Nebraska |
| tl_2016_32_place | Nevada |
| tl_2016_33_place | New Hampshire |
| tl_2016_34_place | New Jersey |
| tl_2016_35_place | New Mexico |
| tl_2016_36_place | New York |
| tl_2016_37_place | North Carolina |
| tl_2016_38_place | North Dakota |
| tl_2016_39_place | Ohio |
| tl_2016_40_place | Oklahoma |
| tl_2016_41_place | Oregon |
| tl_2016_42_place | Pennsylvania |
| tl_2016_43_place | |
| tl_2016_44_place | Rhode Island |
| tl_2016_45_place | South Carolina |
| tl_2016_46_place | South Dakota |
| tl_2016_47_place | Tennessee |
| tl_2016_48_place | Texas |
| tl_2016_49_place | Utah |
| tl_2016_50_place | Vermont |
| tl_2016_51_place | Virginia |
| tl_2016_52_place | |
| tl_2016_53_place | Washington |
| tl_2016_54_place | West Virginia |
| tl_2016_55_place | Wisconsin |
| tl_2016_56_place | Wyoming |
| tl_2016_57_place | |
| tl_2016_58_place | |
| tl_2016_59_place | |
| tl_2016_60_place | American Samoa |
| tl_2016_61_place | |
| tl_2016_62_place | |
| tl_2016_63_place | |
| tl_2016_64_place | |
| tl_2016_65_place | |
| tl_2016_66_place | Guam |
| tl_2016_67_place | |
| tl_2016_68_place | |
| tl_2016_69_place | Northern Marinas Islands |
| tl_2016_70_place | |
| tl_2016_71_place | |
| tl_2016_72_place | Puerto Rico |
| tl_2016_73_place | |
| tl_2016_74_place | |
| tl_2016_75_place | |
| tl_2016_76_place | |
| tl_2016_77_place | |
| tl_2016_78_place | Virgin Islands |
Tiger Geocoder Extension
This section details the process to install and use the Tiger Geocoder Extension of PostGIS. The official docmentation can be found here.
This link outlines the process to enable our Postgres Database to support Tiger functionality.
I began by adding the extension listed above. First, enter into Postgres by using the psql command. Then:
--Add Extensions to database CREATE EXTENSION postgis; CREATE EXTENSION fuzzystrmatch; CREATE EXTENSION postgis_tiger_geocoder; CREATE EXTENSION address_standardizer;
You can test that the installation worked by running the following query:
SELECT na.address, na.streetname,na.streettypeabbrev, na.zip
FROM normalize_address('1 Devonshire Place, Boston, MA 02109') AS na;
This should return the following:
address | streetname | streettypeabbrev | zip ---------+------------+------------------+------- 1 | Devonshire | Pl | 02109
