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Patent Trolls are an innovation bogeymen and the most prevalent complaint launched against the patent system, as numerous research articles and legislation addressing ways to curb troll activity. Experts dispute terms for such corporations, labeling them as either Patent Assertion Entities (PAEs) or Non-Practicing Entities (NPEs). PAEs are defined by the FTC as companies that earn revenue by purchasing patents and accusing companies using those patented technologies of infringement.[https://www.ftc.gov/policy/studies/patent-assertion-entities-pae-study] NPEs are firms that rely on Patent Licensing activities for revenue. [http://www.unifiedpatents.com/news/2016/5/30/2015-patent-dispute-report] Patent litigation involving NPEs in 2015 accounted for approximately 67% of cases reviewed by District Courts. The high-tech sector is highly vulnerable to NPE lawsuits as 88% of high-tech patent litigation in 2015 was related to NPEs.<ref name="unified" /> Patent Trolls generate revenue through suing or threatening to sue businesses that infringe on patents. Typically, the damages asked for by Patent Trolls are far beyond the market value of the patent in order to scare small businesses in the initial demand letter, when pressing them to pay the fee to license the patent.  Patent litigation involving NPEs accounted for approximately 67% of cases reviewed by District Courts.<ref name="unified" /> [http://www.unifiedpatents.com/news/2016/5/30/2015-patent-dispute-report]